Republicans test run a new argument: Immigration can cause inflation
07/10/2024 20:30Republicans are trying out a new argument this week that spans three top issues of the 2024 campaign: immigration, inflation and the high cost of housing.
Republicans are trying out a new argument this week that spans three top issues of the 2024 campaign: immigration, inflation and the high cost of housing.
The emerging case is that a Donald Trump-led crackdown on immigration in 2025 may help with the fight against high prices, at least when it comes to finding an affordable home.
It's a case that will likely be received skeptically by many economists, but it's a line of reasoning that was memorialized in the newly unveiled GOP platform ahead of next week's convention in Milwaukee.
As that document puts it, the next president should seal the southern border and deport millions already in the country in part because illegal immigration has "driven up the cost of housing, education, and healthcare for American families."
It's a message at odds with a chorus of economists as well as Democrats who have released studies that say Trump's proposals — from tariffs to tax cuts to that immigration crackdown — could cause inflation to spike anew.
But it's a argument gaining steam in GOP circles.
EJ Antoni of the conservative Heritage Foundation has been fielding questions from congressional aides on the topic in recent weeks. His group's case is that there is a 2-to-1 ratio at play: an influx that increases an area's population by 5% translates, he said, into rents going up by 10%.
"It clearly has an impact now," he noted in an interview, citing communities along the southern border as well as major cities where new migrants are traveling as the most impacted.
Jerome Powell's take on the issue
The new message was tested on Capitol Hill this week during a Senate hearing featuring testimony from Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell.
J.D. Vance, one of the leading contenders to be Donald Trump's vice president, brought up the topic when he had an opportunity to question the central banker on Tuesday, saying it was a subject "I imagine most of my colleagues are not asking."
Powell sounded skeptical.
"There's no clear answer, but my sense is that in the long run immigration is kind of neutral on inflation, in the short run may actually have helped because the labor market got looser," Powell responded.
But he did acknowledge that there could be regional effects, with some communities potentially seeing higher housing costs if faced with a wave of new residents.
Others have echoed Powell's point and focused on the benefits to the labor market. Barbara Doran of BD8 Capital Partners noted on Yahoo Finance this week of Trump that "if he really gets elected and deports millions of immigrants, those are the ones who have been taking the jobs that help keep wage pressures down."
Vance pushed back on that notion during his time with Powell on Tuesday, noting that it's another way of saying lower wages for Americans.
"Why do we see it as a good thing?" he asked. "Why not try to boost wages in a way that brings some of those workers off the sidelines?”
An argument rooted in England
This latest campaign talking point appears to have at least some roots in the United Kingdom, specifically some comments from Huw Pill, the Bank of England's chief economist.
He reportedly said this spring that "quite large increases in immigration" in his country have put pressure on the nation's housing stock more so than other issues like higher interest rates.
Analyses of the subject in the US have likewise found that immigration can increase home values but that could also be because of the positive effect on the economy overall.
One study from Partnership for a New American Economy that examined data from 2000-2010 found an "effect on median home value" due to immigration but concluded that the change was primarily due to increased economic activity.
In any case, the Republican plan for immigration if Trump returns to office is doubling down on the strict anti-immigration policies that marked his first term. Those promises include a pledge, as this week's GOP platform put it, to enact "the largest deportation operation in American history."
Allaying business-world worries
The inclusion of the inflation argument this week in the GOP platform was part of a larger effort by Republicans to smooth some of the rough edges off some of their campaign trail promises that have worried economists and business leaders.
The GOP release of their party platform was notable for how the brief document sought, after much intra-party tumult, to offer a more voter-friendly face on social issues like abortion and same-sex marriage.
But the same could be said of how it approached some business-world issues.
On the subject of trade and tariffs, the document declined to repeat some of Trump's most audacious plans. On the campaign trail, Trump has promised a 60% tariff on goods from China and a 10% "ring around the country" for other trading partners.
Tariffs are unpopular among many in the business owners (they actually pay these duties) with the GOP platform only this issue briefly to note "Republicans will support baseline tariffs on foreign made goods."
The platform is also notable for not repeating the party's longstanding effort to repeal Obamacare and continues Trump's aggressive outreach to the fossil fuel industry with promises to "drill, baby, drill" on nearly every page.
It's all part of a message expected to be repeated ad nauseam next week on the convention stage as the party looks to press it's advantage following President Joe Biden's disastrous recent debate performance.
Antoni predicts voters will be more and more focused on the immigration and inflation topic and that Republicans will "really hone in on this issue and to make sure Americans are aware of it."
Ben Werschkul is Washington correspondent for Yahoo Finance.
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